What is the main role of the economizer in a steam system?

The main role of the economizer in a steam system is to heat water before it enters the steam drum. This device typically utilizes flue gas or exhaust heat from a boiler to preheat the feedwater, which improves the overall efficiency of the steam generation process. By elevating the temperature of the water entering the boiler, the economizer reduces the amount of fuel required to produce steam, leading to initial cost savings and reduced emissions. This efficiency gain is critical in maintaining optimal performance in steam systems.

In contrast, the other options serve different functions within steam systems. The process of condensing steam back into water is typically handled by condensers, which recover heat and convert steam back into liquid form. Separating steam from condensate is a job for steam separators, which ensure that only dry steam moves into the distribution system. Lastly, controlling the flow of steam to turbines is managed by control valves, which regulate steam pressure and flow to optimize turbine performance. Each of these components plays a unique role, but the economizer's specific function is focused on improving energy efficiency before the water enters the steam drum.