What is defined as heat that can be measured with a thermometer?

Sensible heat refers to the amount of heat that causes a change in temperature of a substance, which can be measured directly with a thermometer. When heat is added or removed, the temperature of the substance changes, and this temperature change is detectable with a thermometer. This is what distinguishes sensible heat from latent heat, which is the energy absorbed or released during a phase change (like melting or boiling) without a change in temperature.

The other terms mentioned, such as latent heat, superheated heat, and flash heat, refer to different concepts. Latent heat involves energy transfer during phase changes without temperature change, while superheated heat pertains to a state of a vapor beyond its boiling point. Flash heat typically refers to a rapid transfer of heat, but it does not represent measurable heat in the same way that sensible heat does. Therefore, the definition aligns directly with the concept of sensible heat being measurable and straightforwardly related to temperature changes observable by a thermometer.