What can cause cavitation in a pump?

Cavitation in a pump occurs when the pressure in the pump drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid, leading to the formation and subsequent collapse of vapor bubbles. Each of the listed factors can contribute to this condition, which is why the correct answer includes all the options.

A clogged strainer can restrict the flow of liquid into the pump, causing a drop in pressure, which may lead to conditions suitable for cavitation. When the flow is insufficient, the liquid may reach a point where it can vaporize, generating cavitation.

A faulty foot valve may result in inadequate suction pressure or fluctuations in the liquid column, affecting the overall pressure in the pump. If the foot valve does not maintain proper input conditions, it can lead to a reduction of pressure, creating an environment where cavitation can begin.

Air in the suction piping is also a critical element that can cause cavitation. Air introduces compressibility into the liquid flow, which interferes with the consistent pressure required for the pump’s operations. The presence of air can lead to regions of low pressure that reach the vapor pressure of the liquid, enabling cavitation to develop.

Since all these conditions can either directly or indirectly lower the pressure in the pump, leading to cavitation, recognizing that each